标題: Greening rate in North Korea doubles South Korea

作者: Qu, S (Qu, Sai); Ryu, Y (Ryu, Youngryel); Liu, JG (Liu, Jiangong); Wang, JA (Wang, Jonathan A.)

來源出版物: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS  卷: 18  期: 8  文獻号: 084020  DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/acdaad  出版年: AUG 1 2023  

摘要: South and North Korea have experienced contrasting economic developments since the 1950s while sharing similar climates. Previous studies revealed an overall long-term greening trend across the Korean Peninsula based on greenness data from coarse-resolution satellite images. However, there has been no comprehensive comparison of the greenness patterns and the driving mechanisms between two countries due to the limitations of coarse-resolution satellite data. Here, we performed cross-calibration among Landsat sensors and adopted a phenology-based approach to generate Landsat annual maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVImax) time series for each pixel from 1986 to 2017. We found that over 1986-2017, the greening rate in North Korea was almost twice that of South Korea. Cropland in South Korea is the main source of the greening discrepancy. The expansion of agricultural facilities in the stable cropland area and urbanization in the cropland loss area of South Korea contributed 57% to the significant negative NDVImax trend, which was dominant over the forest NDVImax increase resulting from rising temperatures, CO2 fertilization effects and afforestation projects. However, in North Korea, CO2 fertilization effects in the stable cropland area and transition from grassland to cropland promoted an increase in NDVImax, despite decreasing NDVImax in forest areas due to deforestation. Our results highlight the need for delineating fine-scale land-use changes to advance our understanding of regional vegetation dynamics.

作者關鍵詞: greening change; land use change; Landsat; crop; forest; random forest

地址: [Qu, Sai] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resources & Environm Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.

[Qu, Sai; Ryu, Youngryel] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn, Seoul, South Korea.

[Ryu, Youngryel; Liu, Jiangong] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea.

[Wang, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.

通訊作者地址: Ryu, Y (通訊作者)，Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn, Seoul, South Korea.

Ryu, Y (通訊作者)，Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea.

電子郵件地址: ryuyr77@gmail.com

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