标題: Estimation of PM2.5 Concentrations in China Using a Spatial Back Propagation Neural Network

作者: Wang, WL (Wang, Weilin); Zhao, SL (Zhao, Suli); Jiao, LM (Jiao, Limin); Taylor, M (Taylor, Michael); Zhang, BE (Zhang, Boen); Xu, G (Xu, Gang); Hou, HB (Hou, Haobo)

來源出版物: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS  卷: 9  文獻号: 13788  DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50177-1  出版年: SEP 24 2019  

摘要: Methods for estimating the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentrations have been developed but have not yet been able to effectively include spatial correlation. We report on the development of a spatial back-propagation neural network (S-BPNN) model designed specifically to make such correlations implicit by incorporating a spatial lag variable (SLV) as a virtual input variable. The S-BPNN fits the nonlinear relationship between ground-based air quality monitoring station measurements of PM2.5, satellite observations of aerosol optical depth, meteorological synoptic conditions data and emissions data that include auxiliary geographical parameters such as land use, normalized difference vegetation index, elevation, and population density. We trained and validated the S-BPNN for both yearly and seasonal mean PM2.5 concentrations. In addition, principal components analysis was employed to reduce the dimensionality of the data and a grid of neural network models was run to optimize the model design. The S-BPNN was cross-validated against an analogous but SLV-free BPNN model using the coefficient of determination (R-2) and root mean squared error (RMSE) as statistical measures of goodness of fit. The inclusion of the SLV led to demonstrably superior performance of the S-BPNN over the BPNN with R-2 values increasing from 0.80 to 0.89 and with the RMSE decreasing from 8.1 to 5.8 mu g/m(3). The yearly mean PM(2.5 )concentration in China during the study period was found to be 41.8 mu g/m(3) and the model estimated spatial distribution was found to exceed Level 2 of the China Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) enacted in 2012 (>35 mu g/m(3)) in more than 70% of the Chinese territory. The inclusion of spatial correlation upgrades the performance of conventional BPNN models and provides a more accurate estimation of PM(2.5 )concentrations for air quality monitoring.

入藏号: WOS:000487365800003

語言: English

文獻類型: Article

地址: [Wang, Weilin; Zhao, Suli; Jiao, Limin; Zhang, Boen; Xu, Gang; Hou, Haobo] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.

[Wang, Weilin; Jiao, Limin; Zhang, Boen; Xu, Gang] Wuhan Univ, Key Lab Geog Informat Syst, Minist Educ, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.

[Taylor, Michael] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.

通訊作者地址: Jiao, LM (通訊作者)，Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.

Jiao, LM (通訊作者)，Wuhan Univ, Key Lab Geog Informat Syst, Minist Educ, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.

電子郵件地址: lmjiao@whu.edu.cn

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